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Objective:To explore the expression of programmed death receptor ligand 2 (PD-L2) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and its relationship with clinicopathological features and prognosis of patients.Methods:The data of 344 patients with HCC who underwent surgery in the Third People's Hospital of Nantong from January 2008 to December 2016 were retrospectively analyzed. Taking HCC tissue samples to make the tissue microarray, and the expression of PD-L2 protein was detected by immunohistochemical method. The relationship between PD-L2 protein expression and clinicopathological features was analyzed. Kaplan-Meier method was used to analyze the overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) of patients, and the prognostic factors were analyzed by univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards model.Results:The positive expression rate of PD-L2 protein in 344 patients with HCC was 54.4% (187/344). The positive expression of PD-L2 protein was correlated with maximum tumor diameter >3 cm ( χ2 = 8.20, P < 0.01) and high histological grade ( χ2 = 9.46, P < 0.05); OS and DFS in PD-L2 positive expression group were worse than those in PD-L2 negative expression group (OS: P = 0.001; DFS: P = 0.015). PD-L2 positive expression was not an independent adverse influencing factor for OS and DFS (OS: HR = 1.321, 95% CI 0.955-1.829, P = 0.093; DFS: HR = 1.209, 95% CI 0.990-1.624, P = 0.209). Conclusions:PD-L2 is highly expressed in HCC tissues, which may be related to the degree of malignancy. PD-L2 is not an independent risk factor for the prognosis of HCC.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To construct a knowledge platform of acupuncture ancient books based on data mining technology, and to provide retrieval service for users.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The Oracle 10 g database was applied and JAVA was selected as development language; based on the standard library and ancient books database established by manual entry, a variety of data mining technologies, including word segmentation, speech tagging, dependency analysis, rule extraction, similarity calculation, ambiguity analysis, supervised classification technology were applied to achieve text automatic extraction of ancient books; in the last, through association mining and decision analysis, the comprehensive and intelligent analysis of disease and symptom, meridians, acupoints, rules of acupuncture and moxibustion in acupuncture ancient books were realized, and retrieval service was provided for users through structure of browser/server (B/S).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The platform realized full-text retrieval, word frequency analysis and association analysis; when diseases or acupoints were searched, the frequencies of meridian, acupoints (diseases) and techniques were presented from high to low, meanwhile the support degree and confidence coefficient between disease and acupoints (special acupoint), acupoints and acupoints in prescription, disease or acupoints and technique were presented.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The experience platform of acupuncture ancient books based on data mining technology could be used as a reference for selection of disease, meridian and acupoint in clinical treatment and education of acupuncture and moxibustion.</p>
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the epidemiological status of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) and the drug resistance profiles of such organisms.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 282 clinical isolates of E. coli and 180 of K. pneumoniae were collected from different districts of Zhejiang Province. Inhibitor potentiated broth dilution tests were performed for detecting extended-spectrum beta-lactamases. Etests were performed to detect the drug resistance of these strains against nine commonly used antibiotics.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The prevalence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases in E. coli and K. pneumoniae was 34.0% and 38.3%, respectively. The average prevalence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases in E. coli and K. pneumoniae was 35.7%. The resistance prevalence of extended spectrum beta-lactamase producing strains to ceftazidime and cefotaxime was 40% and 26% respectively, so were those to cefepime, cefoxitin, piperacillin-tazobactam, cefoperazone-sulbactam, amikacin and ciprofloxacin. All these strains were sensitive to imipenem.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The results in this study showed that the prevalence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases was high, while extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing strains were resistant to most antimicrobial agents except imipenem.</p>
Subject(s)
Humans , Drug Resistance, Bacterial , Escherichia coli , Klebsiella pneumoniae , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , beta-LactamasesABSTRACT
Objective To analyse the encoding gene sequence of extended spectrum ? lactamase produced by Klebsiella pneumoniae E95 strain in Zhejiang Province and identify its ESBLs subtype. Methods The gene of ESBLs produced by E95 strain was amplified by PCR. The purified PCR product was cloned into pGEM Teasy vector and then sequenced by Sanger's dideoxy chain termination composition method. Results The encoded gene of ESBLs was identified as SHV by PCR. Its PCR product had 812 nucleotides. It had the same gene sequence as the gene encoding SHV 12 discovered in Swiss. Conclusions The ESBLs produced by Klebsiella pneumoniae E95 strain isolated from a patient in Zhejiang Province is SHV 12.